Avoiding Common Obstetrics and Gynecology Errors, 1e | ObGyn | Health Library

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Avoiding Common Obstetrics and Gynecology Errors, 1e

Carla P. Roberts, Diana Broomfield, Lisa Marcucci

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Section I:: Prenatal Care

p1-1

Expandable section
- 1: Fetal Kick Counts: Kicking is not just for Football and Soccer
  
  p1-2
- 2: Antenatal Testing: You See Mom Every Week… Do not Forget to Examine the Baby
  
  p3-8
- 3: Know what you are Looking at: Amniotic Fluid Volume
  
  p9-11
- 4: Management of the Fetus in Transverse Lie
  
  p12-13
- 5: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Inappropriate Management
  
  p14-17
- 6: Prognosis for all Cases of Nonimmune Hydrops is not the Same
  
  p18-19
- 7: Renal Diseases in Pregnancy
  
  p20-23
- 8: Oh the Pressure! Cardiac Valves and Hypertension in Pregnancy
  
  p24-27
- 9: Is the Stethoscope Necessary in the Obstetrical Patient?
  
  p28-33
- 10: Hematologic Disorders of Pregnancy: Is the Cardiac Exam Normal?
  
  p34-36
- 11: Hematologic Disorders of Pregnancy: Is the Pain from Sickle Cell Disease?
  
  p37-39
- 12: Abdominal Pain can be a Necrotic Fibroid
  
  p40-41
- 13: Is it the Appendix? Pregnant Women Still Have One!
  
  p42-43
- 14: When Vaginal Discharge is a Sexually Transmitted Disease
  
  p44-46
- 15: Chronic Hypertension and Superimposed Preeclampsia
  
  p47-48
- 16: Diagnosis of Preeclampsia Prior to 34 Weeks of Gestation
  
  p49-50
Section II:: Labor

p51-51

Expandable section
- 17: Premature Rupture of Membrane
  
  p51-55
- 18: “Honey, it is TIME!!!”: When Preterm Labor Strikes
  
  p56-59
- 19: Preterm Labor, is it Time Yet?
  
  p60-62
- 20: Postdates Pregnancy: What is it and what to do with it? Definition and Management
  
  p63-64
- 21: Placenta Previa, is it still there?
  
  p65-67
- 22: Amnioinfusion
  
  p68-70
- 23: If it is Staring you in the Face: Face, Brow, and Compound Presentations
  
  p71-73
- 24: The Bottom Line: Operative Delivery
  
  p74-76
- 25: When is it too Long? Delivering the Placenta
  
  p77-78
- 26: What does Umbilical Artery Cord Gas Mean?
  
  p79-81
Section III:: Post-Partum

p82-82

Expandable section
- 27: If it is got to go, it is got to go: Peripartum Hysterectomy and other Techniques to Stop the Bleeding
  
  p82-84
- 28: Postpartum Care
  
  p85-89
- 29: Wow! That is a Lot of Blood
  
  p90-92
- 30: Postpartum Preeclampsia
  
  p93-93
- 31: Check the Blood: Postpartum Endomyometritis
  
  p94-95
- 32: Postpartum Care: Hypertension
  
  p96-97
- 33: Postpartum Care: Thromboembolism
  
  p98-98
- 34: Postpartum Care: Infection
  
  p99-100
- 35: Postpartum Depression: Screening and Treatment
  
  p101-104
Section IV:: The Newborn

p105-105

Expandable section
- 36: Why is the Baby Blue? Causes of Cyanosis in the Newborn
  
  p105-109
- 37: It is Okay, Mom and Dad: Benign Skin Lesions in the Newborn
  
  p110-112
Section V:: Miscellaneous Obstetrics

p113-113

Expandable section
- 38: No News is Good News: Repeat First Trimester Pregnancy Loss
  
  p113-114
- 39: “So What if I have Triplets or Quadruplets? I See it All the Time on TV”: The Risks Associated with Multiple Gestation
  
  p115-116
- 40: “I am Pregnant with Triplets: What are My Options?”
  
  p117-118
Section VI:: Gynecology: Basic Physiology

p119-119

Expandable section
- 41: Physiology of Reproductive Endocrinology: Do not Forget How You got Here!
  
  p119-124
- 42: Do not Forget All the Signs of Ovulation
  
  p125-127
Section VII:: Abnormal Bleeding

p128-128

Expandable section
- 43: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Blood is Normal, Isn't it?
  
  p128-131
- 44: Acute Heavy Bleeding should be Treated with Estrogen or Dilation and Curettage
  
  p132-133
- 45: When in Doubt: Biopsy, Biopsy, Biopsy
  
  p134-135
Section VIII:: Primary Care

p136-136

Expandable section
- 46: To Pap or not to Pap, that is the Question: Preventive Care for the Gynecologic Patient
  
  p136-139
- 47: Vaginitis: Diagnostic Procedures
  
  p140-144
- 48: Delayed Diagnosis: Workup any Breast Abnormality
  
  p145-149
- 49: Breast Care: More Reasons for Delay in Diagnosis
  
  p150-155
- 50: Pertussis, Tdap, and Whooping Cough: Do not Forget to Vaccinate
  
  p156-157
- 51: Focusing on Patient Education with Diabetes Management
  
  p158-159
- 52: This Thyroid Seems Bigger than Usual… Now What?
  
  p160-162
- 53: Domestic violence and Sexual Assault
  
  p163-165
- 54: Female Sexual Dysfunction
  
  p166-170
Section IX:: Pelvic Pain

p171-171

Expandable section
- 55: Adnexal Torsion can Still have Blood Flow
  
  p171-173
- 56: You cannot Diagnose Everything with a Speculum: Appendicitis
  
  p174-176
- 57: A Black Cat on a Dark Night: Ectopic Pregnancy
  
  p177-180
- 58: Acute Pelvic Pain
  
  p181-184
- 59: Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Management Issues
  
  p185-186
- 60: Chlamydia Trachomatis: Test of Cure verses Rescreening in a Nonpregnant Patient
  
  p187-188
- 61: Gonorrhea: Ineffective Counseling
  
  p189-190
- 62: Forgotten Management of Endometriosis
  
  p191-193
- 63: Endometriosis-Related Pain
  
  p194-196
Section X:: Vulvar Lesions

p197-197

Expandable section
- 64: Bartholin Duct Cyst
  
  p197-198
- 65: Do not Perform a Simple “I&D” for a Recurrent Bartholin Cyst
  
  p199-200
- 66: Always Biopsy a Vulvar Lesion
  
  p201-203
- 67: Vulva Diseases
  
  p204-215
Section XI:: Family Planning

p216-216

Expandable section
- 68: The Incomplete Abortion
  
  p216-219
- 69: Creating Unnecessary Barriers to Effective Contraceptive Use
  
  p220-222
- 70: Permanent Sterilization: Incomplete Preoperative Counseling
  
  p223-225
- 71: When does Breast-Feeding Fail for Postpartum Contraception?
  
  p226-227
- 72: Can Teenagers and Nulliparous Women get Intrauterine Contraceptive Divices?
  
  p228-229
- 73: Appropriate Contraception for Special Medical and Surgical Patients
  
  p230-232
Section XII:: Gynecologic Oncology and Pathology

p233-233

Expandable section
- 74: Ultrasound finding of Unilocular 5-cm or Less Ovarian Cyst in Perimenopausal Woman can Usually be Followed without Surgery
  
  p233-235
- 75: Know What You are Looking for: Be Careful When Ordering Tumor Markers
  
  p236-238
- 76: Endometrial Adenocarcinoma with Clear Cell Change or Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Endometrium
  
  p239-242
- 77: Clinical History and Specimen Adequacy: Clinicians are from Mars and Pathologists are from Venus
  
  p243-248
- 78: Frozen Sections: Use and Misuse
  
  p249-255
- 79: The Pap Test: to Err is Human
  
  p256-259
- 80: Sorting out Hoof Beats!
  
  p260-262
- 81: Metastatic Mucinous Carcinoma to the Ovary Simulating a Primary Ovarian Mucinous Neoplasm
  
  p263-264
- 82: Hydatiform Mole: Failure of Follow-up Management
  
  p265-266
Section XIII:: Urogynecology

p267-267

Expandable section
- 83: Do not give Anticholinergic Medications to Patients with Narrow-Angle Glaucoma
  
  p267-269
- 84: Do not Assume all Urinary Leakage is Stress Urinary Incontinence
  
  p270-272
- 85: Do not Forget to Ask Patients about Fecal Incontinence Symptoms
  
  p273-275
- 86: In Patients with Mixed Incontinence, Surgical Management of their Stress Symptoms may Worsen their Urge Symptoms
  
  p276-278
Section XIV:: Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

p279-279

Expandable section
- 87: Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
  
  p279-281
- 88: Adrenal Insufficiency and Hypotension in the Preterm Infant
  
  p282-284
- 89: Is the Baby a Boy or Girl?
  
  p285-287
- 90: Reproductive Milestones: Are We there Yet?
  
  p288-292
- 91: Do Not Miss Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Teenager
  
  p293-294
- 92: Dysgenetic Gonads with Y Chromosome
  
  p295-297
Section XV:: Reproductive Endocrinology

p298-298

Expandable section
- 93: Are you Sure She has Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?
  
  p298-300
- 94: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adults
  
  p301-303
- 95: “How Hairy is Too Hairy?” Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hirsutism
  
  p304-305
- 96: Where is the Vagina? Distinguishing Between Different Causes of Primary Amenorrhea
  
  p306-307
- 97: Karyotype and Hormones Help to Differentiate Müllerian Agenesis from Complete Androgen Insensitivity
  
  p308-309
- 98: Imperforate Hymen Versus Transverse Vaginal Septum: How are They Corrected?
  
  p310-311
- 99: Secondary Amenorrhea: Sometimes it is all in the Head
  
  p312-314
- 100: Identify the Shape of the Fundus to Determine a Septate Uterus
  
  p315-316
- 101: Imaging the Adnexa
  
  p317-318
- 102: Imaging the Uterus
  
  p319-320
Section XVI:: Infertility

p321-321

Expandable section
- 103: Do not Delay an Infertility Evaluation
  
  p321-323
- 104: Transvaginal Ultrasound: Take a Look!
  
  p324-325
- 105: Infertility Treatment: Know the Options
  
  p326-328
- 106: Presence of a Menstrual Cycle Equals Fertility
  
  p329-331
- 107: Understanding Ovulatory Dysfunction
  
  p332-333
- 108: “Does AMH Hold Value?”: Ovarian Reserve Testing
  
  p334-334
- 109: “Do not put all your Eggs in one Basket!”: Sonographic Testing for Ovarian Reserve
  
  p335-336
- 110: “Wow, My FSH is High: That is Great, Right?”
  
  p337-338
- 111: Ovarian Reserve Testing: Finding the Egg
  
  p339-340
- 112: Semen Analysis: Do not Forget the Boys!
  
  p341-341
- 113: Do not Forget the Tubes!
  
  p342-343
- 114: Hydrosalpinges and Infertility: Dilated and Dangerous
  
  p344-346
- 115: You have got to Look: Pretreatment Workup and the Pitfalls of Unmonitored Cycles
  
  p347-349
Section XVII:: Menopause

p350-350

Expandable section
- 116: Sometimes Hot = FSH
  
  p350-352
- 117: Can My Mechanic Fix these Vasomotor Symptoms?
  
  p353-355
- 118: Breast Masses
  
  p356-359
- 119: All Postmenopausal Bleeding is Cancer until Proven Otherwise
  
  p360-361
- 120: Osteoporosis: After Treatment, You Need to Monitor
  
  p362-363
- 121: Osteoporosis: Who Gets it and How do you Know?
  
  p364-367
- 122: Therapeutic Approaches: Lifestyle, Exercise, and Medications
  
  p368-371
- 123: Diagnosing Secondary Causes of Osteoporosis
  
  p372-373
Section XVIII:: Surgery

p374-374

Expandable section
- 124: Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation: Is she Ready for Surgery?
  
  p374-378
- 125: Preparation before the Surgery
  
  p379-383
- 126: Minor Gynecologic Surgery: Incomplete History Taking
  
  p384-385
- 127: Minor Gynecologic Surgery: Incomplete Physical Exam
  
  p386-387
- 128: Minor Gynecologic Surgery: Patient Counseling
  
  p388-389
- 129: Laparoscopy: They go Home Faster if you do it Right
  
  p390-391
- 130: “What is Wrong with the Camera, Why is My Suction not Working, and Why will the Grasper not Fit through this Scope?”
  
  p392-394
- 131: “I cannot See a Thing!”
  
  p395-396
- 132: “Did you Perforate the Uterus?”
  
  p397-398
- 133: Minimize the Risk of Asherman Syndrome by Resecting Submucosal Fibroids in Apposition to One Another in Multiple Stages
  
  p399-400
- 134: Prior to Myomectomy or Hysterectomy Secondary to Fibroids, Consider Preoperative Treatment with a GnRH Analog
  
  p401-402
- 135: When Counseling for Uterine Artery Embolization, Always Ask the Patient if she may Desire Future Fertility
  
  p403-404
- 136: Postoperative Complications: Is this a Normal Amount of Drainage from the Incision Site?
  
  p405-407
- 137: Postoperative Complications… Is my Patient Infected?
  
  p408-411
- 138: Postoperative Complications: What's the Big Deal about having Only 10 mL Per Hour of Urine Output Postoperatively? She is Just Dry
  
  p412-413
- 139: Postoperative Complications: Pulmonary Embolism and Venous Thromboembolism
  
  p414-415
- 140: Postoperative Complications: Is this an Ileus or an Obstruction?
  
  p416-417
- 141: Postoperative Complications: Urinary Problems
  
  p418-420
Section XIX:: Miscellaneous Office Gynecology

p421-421

Expandable section
- 142: Diagnostic Office Procedures: Locating the Cervix
  
  p421-422
- 143: Transcervical Procedures
  
  p423-424
- 144: Bonus Pearls of Wisdom for Office Procedures
  
  p425-425
- 145: When should I do an Endometrial Biopsy?
  
  p426-428
- 146: Cytologic Screening
  
  p429-431
- 147: Colposcopy: How does it Really Look?
  
  p432-434
Section XX:: Ethics

p435-435

Expandable section
- 148: Put the Books and the Scalpel down… Have you Thought about what you are Doing? Ethical Decision Making
  
  p435-440
Section XXI:: Statistics

p441-441

Expandable section
- 149: Prioritizing the P-value
  
  p441-442
- 150: Communicating Statistical Chances to Patients: Does Anyone Understand What You Just Said?
  
  p443-444
- 151: Neglecting to Take the Study Population into Account When Extrapolating to Your Practice
  
  p445-445
- 152: Different Denominators: Comparing to Apples to Apples, not Oranges
  
  p446-448